Irfa’i Afham is a lecturer in the Department of Politics, Faculty of Social and Political Sciences, Universitas Airlangga (UNAIR), Indonesia. He is affiliated with the Pusat Studi Eropa & Eurasia (PSEE UNAIR) and contributes to research and community-engagement initiatives that connect policy analysis with local development dynamics. His research and teaching focus on political theory, social movements, state apparatuses and coercion, agrarian development and political agency, and comparative regionalism (EU–ASEAN).